Postoperative Complications After Neck Surgery: Comparative Patterns and Statistical Approaches for Clinical Research
Keywords:
neck dissection, thyroidectomy, postoperative complications, nerve injury, hypocalcemia, surgical statistics, logistic regressionAbstract
Neck surgery encompasses heterogeneous procedures, from selective neck dissection for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) to thyroidectomy, each with distinct complication profiles and risk structures. Contemporary series of neck dissection report overall complication rates between roughly 30% and 40%, with hematoma, wound dehiscence, infection, salivary fistula, chyle leak, and nerve injury as leading adverse events, while thyroid surgery is particularly characterized by recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury and hypocalcemia. This article summarizes the main postoperative complications after neck dissection and thyroidectomy, contrasts them with other major surgical procedures, and outlines the most frequently used statistical tests in clinical surgical research, including chi‑square tests, t‑tests, Mann–Whitney U, logistic regression, and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Emphasis is placed on descriptive reporting and appropriate inferential methods to improve the design, analysis, and interpretation of complication‑focused neck surgery studies.
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