Organoids and 3D Bioprinting in Histology and Medical Biology: Transforming Disease Modeling and Regenerative Medicine
Keywords:
Organoids, 3D bioprinting, Stem cells, Regenerative medicine, Tissue engineering, Digital histology, Disease modelingAbstract
The emergence of organoid technology and three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has revolutionized experimental histology and translational medical biology. These innovations enable the in vitro reconstruction of tissue architecture that closely mimics in vivo microanatomy and cellular heterogeneity. Organoids derived from stem cells recapitulate organ-specific histological organization, while 3D bioprinting provides spatial control over cellular arrangement and extracellular matrix composition. This review synthesizes recent advances (2020–2025) in organoid-based histological modeling, highlights their application in disease modeling, oncology, drug screening, and regenerative medicine, and discusses the integration of artificial intelligence for morphometric analysis. Key challenges—including vascularization, standardization, and ethical considerations—are critically examined. The convergence of organoid biology, digital histology, and bioengineering marks a paradigm shift in biomedical research and medical education.
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