Gut Microbiota–Targeted Therapy as an Emerging Adjunct in Endometriosis Management: A Narrative Review
Keywords:
endometriosis, microbiome, inflammation, probiotics, estrogen, dysbiosisAbstract
Endometriosis is now recognized as a chronic, systemic inflammatory disorder affecting an estimated one in ten women of reproductive age worldwide and imposing a substantial burden on pain, fertility and quality of life. Emerging evidence indicates that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota contributes to endometriosis pathogenesis by modulating estrogen metabolism, immune activation and systemic inflammation, creating a new therapeutic frontier focused on microbiome-targeted interventions. This narrative review synthesizes recent data on gut–endometriosis interactions and evaluates the potential of microecological therapies—including probiotics, prebiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation—as adjuncts to established surgical and hormonal treatments. Experimental models and early clinical studies suggest that selected Lactobacillus-based probiotics and broader microecological regimens can reduce inflammatory cytokines, attenuate lesion growth and improve postoperative recovery when combined with laparoscopy.
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