ADVANCES IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF COMMON OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICAL DISORDERS: AN UPDATED NARRATIVE REVIEW
Keywords:
otorhinolaryngology, chronic rhinosinusitis, hearing loss, otitis media, allergic rhinitis, laryngeal disorders, endoscopic surgeryAbstract
Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) encompasses a wide spectrum of disorders affecting the ear, nose, throat, and related head and neck structures, with substantial impact on quality of life and healthcare systems worldwide. Rapid advances in diagnostic modalities, minimally invasive surgical techniques, and evidence-based medical therapies have significantly transformed ENT practice over the past two decades. This review summarizes contemporary knowledge on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of common otorhinolaryngological disorders, including chronic rhinosinusitis, otitis media, hearing loss, allergic rhinitis, and laryngeal diseases. Emphasis is placed on recent technological and therapeutic innovations, multidisciplinary approaches, and future directions in ENT care.
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