Mineral Sorption Materials Modified with Nanoscale Polytetrafluoroethylene Layers for Biomedical Applications
Keywords:
fluoropolymer-containing sorbents, biocompatible materials, hemosorption, graft polymerization, nanostructured composites, adsorption technology, nucleic acid purification, biomedical materials, biotechnology; pharmaceutical purificationAbstract
Background: The increasing demand for highly selective, biocompatible, and chemically stable sorbents has stimulated the development of advanced functional materials for biomedical and biotechnological applications. Conventional carbon-based sorbents, although characterized by high adsorption capacity, often exhibit insufficient selectivity and may remove physiologically important biomolecules during therapeutic and purification procedures. Materials and Methods: Composite sorbents were synthesized by graft polymerization of fluoromonomers onto porous inorganic carriers, including silica, alumina, aluminosilicates, and macroporous glass. Nanometer-scale fluoropolymer coatings were chemically immobilized on the surface of the mineral matrices, followed by functional modification to regulate adsorption behavior. Structural, physicochemical, and adsorption characteristics were investigated, and the practical applicability of the developed materials was evaluated in hemosorption, biomolecule purification, and pharmaceutical processes. Results: The synthesized materials retained their original porous structure while acquiring stable fluoropolymer coatings with thicknesses ranging from 1 to 10 nm. The developed sorbents demonstrated high chemical and thermal stability, low nonspecific adsorption, improved hemocompatibility, and high adsorption selectivity. Effective purification of nucleic acids, proteins, peptides, antibiotics, and insulin was achieved using the modified sorbents. Conclusion: Fluoropolymer-containing composite sorbents represent a new generation of functional nanostructured materials that combine the mechanical strength and porosity of inorganic matrices with the biological inertness and selective adsorption properties of fluoropolymers.
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