Integrated Approaches to Pediatric Disease Management, Prevention, and Control in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Keywords:
pediatric infectious diseases, disease prevention, child mortality, vaccination, IMCI, antibiotic stewardship, nutritional interventionsAbstract
Background: Pediatric infectious diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, disproportionately affecting children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Objective: This review synthesizes evidence on integrated strategies for disease management, prevention, and control in pediatric populations. Methods: A structured narrative synthesis was conducted using 50 peer-reviewed publications indexed between 2015 and 2024, encompassing randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and national surveillance reports. Results: Vaccination programs, oral rehydration therapy, antibiotic stewardship, nutritional supplementation, and the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) framework collectively demonstrated significant reductions in both mortality and morbidity. IMCI and vaccination yielded the highest impact, reducing mortality by 67% and 72%, respectively. Conclusion: Implementing integrated, evidence-based protocols within primary care systems offers a scalable pathway to improving pediatric health outcomes globally.
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